In human medicine, fever of unknown origin (FUO) is defined as an illness of more than 3-weeks’ duration with a temperature higher than 101º F (38.4º C) on several occasions after 1 week of hospitalization and evaluation. The underlying cause of fever is usually-but not always-easily explained. In contrast, in animals with fever the hypothalamic set point is elevated, typically by infection, inflammation, neoplasia, or drug administration. In hyperthermic animals, the hypothalamic temperature set point is normal. Hyperthermia occurs when an elevated rectal temperature is associated with increased intrinsic heat production and/or increased ambient temperature, accompanied by the inability to dissipate heat. Elevations in body temperature are caused by hyperthermia or fever.
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